What Is The Purpose Of Chemotherapy – Chemotherapy (sometimes called chemo) uses drugs to kill cells. Chemotherapy is used to treat many types. Chemotherapy drugs can be given alone or can be given orally in combination (called combination chemotherapy). Chemotherapy can be given alone or with other treatments, eg
Chemotherapy works best on cells that are growing and dividing. cells grow and divide quickly, this makes them good targets for chemotherapy. But chemotherapy cannot distinguish between the cells and normal cells. Some normal cells, such as those in hair and the lining of the digestive system, also grow and divide faster than other cells in the body. Chemotherapy can also affect these cells. This is why some people lose hair or have diarrhea. Normal cells can repair the damage over time, and these side effects go away after you finish chemotherapy.
What Is The Purpose Of Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy can be used alone to treat or with other treatments such as surgery or radiation therapy. It can be used before surgery to shrink the tumor or after surgery to destroy any remaining cells and to prevent recurrence. Chemotherapy can also be used to reduce symptoms, improve quality of life and prolong life for people with advanced disease (called palliative chemotherapy).
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Most chemotherapy is used as a systemic therapy. This means that the drugs pass through the bloodstream and can attack cells almost anywhere in the body.
. This doctor will discuss chemotherapy drugs that may work with you and decide the dose, schedule and length of treatment. Chemotherapy treatment plans, called regimens, are based on:
Chemotherapy and other drugs may not kill all the cells the first time they are given. Some cells can survive and continue to grow. Chemotherapy and other drugs are given as a strategy or plan to kill as many cells as possible. Chemotherapy and other drug treatments are often repeated and often given during periods called cycles. A course of these drugs is usually followed by a rest period (such as several days or weeks) when no treatment is given. A period of rest allows normal cells to recover.
The duration, time and number of chemotherapy or other drugs depends on the combination of drugs used and the type. The oncologist usually sets the time when treatment begins. The course of action can be decided later, depending on how well the drug works and how well it is tolerated.
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There are many chemotherapy drugs that are grouped into classes based on how they work. Combining chemotherapy drugs from different classes can make the treatment more effective because different drugs attack cells at different points in their growth process. It can also prevent resistance and help reduce the chance of relapse (recurrence).
Therefore cannot be imitated. Because cells grow and divide so quickly, they end up dying because they don’t have time to repair the damaged DNA.
And cells need to grow and live. When cells use antimetabolite chemotherapy drugs instead of their own, the DNA is damaged and the cell dies.
Antitumor drugs bind to DNA so they don’t work properly. This causes the cell to die. These drugs are different from the antibiotics used to treat the disease.
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DNA repair enzyme inhibitors block the normal repair of DNA damage in the cell. These chemotherapy drugs attack the body
Your chemotherapy treatment will be planned by an oncologist, a specialist in drug therapy. They work with other medical teams to plan and deliver treatment.
Chemotherapy may be given daily, weekly or monthly. Chemotherapy drugs are usually given during periods called cycles. For example, a cycle can be a treatment for 3 days followed by a rest period of 25 days. The rest period allows the body to create new healthy cells and regain its strength. The course of treatment, which is the entire chemotherapy treatment from start to finish, can last 3 months or more. So you may have 4 or more treatments in your treatment regimen. Your healthcare team will tell you how long they expect your treatment to last.
Your healthcare team will tell you what you can eat and drink and what to avoid while taking chemotherapy. Tell your doctor about the medications you take, including prescription drugs, vitamins, and supplements such as herbs.
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Before starting chemotherapy, your healthcare team may recommend that you brush and check your teeth. This is because chemotherapy can cause a sore and dry mouth and weaken your body’s ability to fight infection.
Chemotherapy can also be hard on your heart, so your team may recommend that you get an echocardiogram to test how your heart is working.
Chemotherapy can also affect your fertility (ability to get pregnant or become pregnant or have another child). Before starting treatment, talk to your health care team if you want to have children in the future. There may be ways to protect your fertility before or during treatment.
If you are receiving chemotherapy through a vein (intravenously, IV) you may have surgery to insert a thin, soft catheter (called a
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). These are used to deliver the drugs if you need to have chemotherapy for a long time. It prevents you from ever getting stabbed with a needle.
Medicines are usually given to help reduce side effects such as nausea and vomiting, about 20 to 30 minutes before chemotherapy.
While chemotherapy depends on your condition, the drugs used and services are available in the community. Treatment may be given:
Most people receive chemotherapy as an outpatient and do not need to spend the night in a hospital or clinic. You may stay in the hospital if the treatment is to be given for 24 hours or more. Some people stay in the hospital when they first start chemotherapy so the medical team can watch for side effects.
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Chemotherapy can be given in different ways, called administration methods. How chemotherapy is given depends on the type of drug, the goal of treatment and the type and location.
Most chemotherapy drugs are given directly into a vein (intravenous) using a needle or a small plastic tube called a catheter. This allows the drugs to go directly into the bloodstream where they can be delivered to the tumor and any cells that have spread from the tumor. Sometimes, a pump is used to control how quickly chemotherapy is given.
Chemotherapy is a strong, powerful drug that can damage and destroy cells. It must be handled properly and disposed of properly. Health workers may wear gloves, masks, goggles or clothing to avoid direct contact with the drug. Some medications (defined as vesicants) can also cause tissue damage if they come out of a vein, so a health care team may be with you when the medication is given.
You and your caregivers will also need to be careful when handling body fluids since chemotherapy drugs can also be transferred through urine, stool and vomit for up to 48 hours after treatment.
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It is important to avoid pregnancy or pregnancy during treatment. This is because some chemotherapy drugs can cause genetic mutations or birth defects in the developing fetus. A woman can still become pregnant while receiving chemotherapy, even if her periods become less frequent or stop. Talk to your healthcare team about the best birth control method for you and your partner.
Sometimes, drugs are given after any chemotherapy treatment to help with delayed side effects, such as nausea, vomiting or diarrhea. These drugs are usually taken orally and may continue for a few days after chemotherapy. Your healthcare team will tell you how often you will need to use supportive care medications to help you manage your symptoms.
Because chemotherapy affects rapidly dividing cells, blood cells – which grow rapidly – can also be affected. You will have regular blood tests to check the level of blood cells during the treatment process. You may have a complete blood count (CBC) or other tests before any chemotherapy treatment.
A decrease in the number of blood cells indicates that the chemotherapy is working. A small decrease in the number of blood cells is not harmful. If the number of blood cells remains within the normal range, then it is safe to continue giving chemotherapy. But if the number of one type of blood cells is low, the doctor can adjust the dose or postpone the treatment for a while.
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You may have additional blood tests, x-rays or other imaging tests to see how the treatment is working.
Certain types of chemotherapy may not work well enough to destroy certain types. These cells are resistant to drugs
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